GRID genes are a gene family which includes genes that encode the subunits of the delta glutamate receptors, which are less commonly understood receptors compared to the more widely known AMPA, NMDA, and Kainate receptors. Delta glutamate receptors, denoted by their gene symbols such as GRID1 and GRID2, are part of the larger group of ionotropic glutamate receptors but differ in their function and distribution within the brain. The GRID gene family each encode a different subunit of the delta glutamate receptor:
GRID1: Encodes the GluD1 (glutamate delta-1) receptor subunit.
GRID2: Encodes the GluD2 (glutamate delta-2) receptor subunit.
We are currently building our content on the science behind GRID variants. Come back here soon to find out more!
GRID SYMPTOMS
GRID gene variants are rare and while there may be similarities between patients, they will be different for each person. Some may have certain symptoms from the day they are born, others may initially seem well, but not meet the typical developmental milestones as children of the same age. Symptoms may also appear and change at different points in a person’s life. We are constantly building out knowledge and understanding of GRID gene variants.
Due to the limited number of diagnosed patients with pathogenic GRID variants, a comprehensive understanding of all associated symptoms remains unclear.
Get in touch here if you know of any published papers which highlight the symptoms of GRID variants, or, you would be happy to share your symptoms or the person you care for (in an anonymous way), so we can grow our understanding of GRID symptoms further.
GRI gene family
GRIN (GRIN1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, GRIN2C, GRIN2D, GRIN3A, GRIN3B)
The term “GRIN” refers to a family of genes that encode subunits of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, which are critical components of the nervous system
GRIK (GRIK1, GRIK2, GRIK3, GRIK4, GRIK5)
The GRIK gene family encodes the subunits of kainate receptors, which are one of the types of ionotropic glutamate receptors found in the nervous system.
GRIA (GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA3, GRIA4)
GRIA genes are a gene family that encode the subunits of AMPA (α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) receptors in the brain. AMPA receptors are critical for fast synaptic